Changes in Phyllosphere Microbial Communities of Pinus tabuliformis after Infestation by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Phyllosphere microbial communities have an important role in plant growth and resistance to pathogen infection are partially influenced by leaf characteristics. Pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is one of the greatest threats pine trees spreading all over world. However, studies on plant–microbe interactions pathogens during nematode’s pathogenesis relationships chemical characteristics caused pinewood nematode phyllosphere limited. In this study, different stages Pinus tabuliformis that were healthy or infected with B. xylophilus-associated bacterial fungal compared. These results demonstrated soluble sugar starch contents decreased based extent infection. community changes potentially xylophilus P. compositions (Ya) clearly from diseased at early stage (Yb) last (Yc), particularly along first coordinate axis. According a linear discriminant effect size (LEfSe) analysis, biomarker species Yb Acidobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Patescibacteria, while those Ya Proteobacteria, Aureobasidium, Dictyosporium, Alternariaster, Knufia, Microstroma, Naganishia. Particularly end PWD (pine wilt disease) infection, majority taxa tended co-exclude rather than co-occur The result canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed properties leaves, such as carbon nitrogen, significant impacts communities. expanded possible connections between health.